Open innovation and keeping pace with the times is the substantive characteristics and excellent quality of Marxist theory. The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China reaffirmed in the report “To enhance the Marxist theory to be sinicized，modernized and popularized”，The core of which is to guide the great nation-building practice with Marxist theory，sinicized and reflected the characteristics of times，which is generally accepted by the public. It also includes the sinicization of Marxist national theory. Undoubtedly，as to China，a backward country consisting of complex nations，directed by Marxist theory，it has particularly significant to utilize the basic principle of Marxist national theory and integrate the theory with specific conditions in China which is based on the changing international and domestic situation. Besides，what makes it more important is to apply sinicized and scientific nation theory to guide the practice of national affair governance. The theme of the era，when Marx and Engels lived，is struggle and revolution combined with unrest and insecurity. The classical Marxism national theory was formed finally after the constant exploration on the basis of the complex reality that national exploitation and oppression mingled with class struggle and national movement，the actual demand that the proletarian revolution combined with the ultimate people's liberation，and special historical background as well as theory origin. The main content of the classical Marxism national theory covers the theory of general rules，the theory of national relationships，the theory of national theory liberation，the theory of national culture and the theory of national development about nation and national problems. It reflects the bright times feature that combines theory exploration and practice promotion. The Marxism national theory is developed with historical materialism and scientific socialism，the coexistence of national equality and the national equality problems. Besides，national problems are subject to class problems. Marx and Engels cannot construct a series of national theory which is logical and complete because of the limited conditions of the era. In the new era，the new national problems are weak in explanatory power as well. The Marxism national theory was turned into an objective political reality by the Soviet Union，founded after October Revolution.How to consolidate the newborn socialist regime in the oppression of Tsarist Russia and how to construct a newborn nation are the major problems that Lenin and Stalin had to take into consideration. To suit the severe domestic and international situation and the demand of construction of the Soviet Union，Lenin had promoted Marxist national theory to be consistent with the Soviet Union and had made new interpretation containing ethnic colony and the division of two national theory，national equality theory，national self-determination theory，regional transition of national theory and ethnic minorities cadres theory. Lenin's national theory includes the classical national view，national equality view，national self-determination view and regional ethnic autonomy view. It had gone through with such five stages as tentative exploration，gradual formation，deepening maturity，in-depth establishment and differentiation. The national theory of Lenin and Stalin had a direct impact on the international situation and the development of the Soviet Union's national relations at that time. It has deep influence on the communist party and the nationality theory of the People's Republic of China.The Chinese Communist Party is leading the Chinese nation to strive for national independence. It continues to promote the sinicization of Marxist national theory in the process of the new state construction. It has produced Mao Zedong's national theory，Deng Xiaoping's national socialism with Chinese characteristics，Jiang Zemin's national theory，Hu Jintao's national theory，etc. These are the new achievements of sinicization of Marxist national theory. The basic content covers the definition of nationality，ethnic relations and ethnic issues，national equality and national development，regional national autonomy and minority cadre training ，nationalism and patriotism，etc. It has a great impact on constructing and completing the new socialist ethnic relations in China and the economic and social development in ethnic minorities and ethnic minority areas，and Chinese ethnic's co-prosperity and progress. Since reforming and opening up，especially after entering the new stage in the new century，under the combined effect of domestic and international political，economical，cultural，religious and any other factors，there are unprecedented great changes taken place in Chinese minorities and ethnic relations. In terms of the field of ethnic relations，especially many new changes，new challenges and new problems have appeared in the balanced development of the national consciousness and the state consciousness. Traditional theory has a strong impact on a variety of new theory （the multiculturalism，democratic theory of national politics and the second generation national policy theory as the typical representative）. In this context，we must establish a firm confidence in path，institution and theory. We must further promote the sinicization of Marxism national theory and deal with all kinds of theory and the complex reality of the challenges effectively. It is essential to combine the national rise again and the objective needs of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation. We must make clear of the nationalism orientation of the national policy，realism of the research orientation，seeking for the construction of national socialist orientation，and the research methods of comprehensive socialist orientation. We must explore the research field in the national theory of socialism with Chinese characteristics and continue to promote development of national theory in the case of solving the major problems . It is based on the absorption of the outstanding research in results of western national theory to enrich the scientific connotation of the national theory of socialism. Setting up the overall objectives and main contents of the sinicization of Marxist national theory scientifically and instructing the national theory with a more scientific and sophisticated national practice. Key words：Marxist national theory，Sinicization，inter-nationality relationship governance，national rising（AI翻译）