This book is a collection of the important research results of the members of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in the Thematic Anthology of the members of the Academy, an embodiment of the serious implementation of the important initiatives of the Work Bureau of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, and a summary of a series of new explorations done in the past years in the area of rural economic development.The publication of this collection is of great practical and long-term significance, as it summarises and passes on the results of scattered research.