"On Scientific Socialism and Socialism with Chinese Characteristics" is based on reality and presents the author's research process in a dynamic historical way. The book is a collection of 29 articles covering a period of 30 years (1983-2013). The content covers Marxist philosophy, scientific socialism, political economy, and the theory of Marxism-Leninism in China, and directly confronts various problems that have arisen in China's reform, opening up, and modernization, as well as in the contest between the two basic classes, the basic ideological system, and the basic social system in the contemporary world.