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论佛教对中国传统法律之影响

On the Influence of Buddhism on Traditional Chinese Jurisprudence

佛教 影响 法律 研究 中国

2021-08-01

978-7-5203-8638-8

408

41

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内容简介

佛教对中国传统法律的影响建立在整体的宗教管理体制下,体现中国本土法律文明与外来法律文明的深刻冲突。但这种冲突的结果,既非本土战胜外来,也非外来战胜本土,而是本土对外来文明的有限接受。总体来看,佛教对中国传统法律从本体到内容再到具体实践都产生深远影响。在具体研究中还发现,佛教对中国传统法律的影响自魏晋南北朝开始有逐渐上升的趋势,法律在诸多方面受到佛教影响,迨及明清则有衰退趋势。由此,佛教对中国传统法律的影响呈现一个相对明显的抛物线形态。可以说,佛教对中国传统法律所产生的影响具有强烈的时代特征,某些时期与统治者的喜好也存在密切关系。同时,还需要明确佛教对中国传统法律的影响不宜高估,它不仅受到时代的局限,而且仍笼罩在儒法的基本法律价值统摄之下,体现为传统法律对佛教理念既接受又限制的态度。虽然中华法系是世俗法与伦理法,但仍然具有巨大的包容性,使其能够在相当程度内接受外来法律文明,尽管后者与前者在理念上存在巨大差异。当然,这种接受也是有限的,以不从根本上冲击中国传统理念为基础。

The influence of Buddhism on traditional Chinese law is based on the overall religious management system, reflecting the profound conflict between China's indigenous legal civilization and foreign legal civilization. But the result of this conflict is neither the victory of the native over the foreign nor the victory of the foreign over the native, but the limited acceptance of the foreign civilization by the native. In general, Buddhism has had a profound impact on traditional Chinese law, from ontology to content to concrete practice. In the specific study, it is also found that the influence of Buddhism on traditional Chinese law has gradually increased since the Wei, Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties, and that law was influenced by Buddhism in many aspects, and that it has declined in the Ming and Qing dynasties. Thus, the influence of Buddhism on traditional Chinese law takes on a relatively obvious parabolic form. It can be said that the influence of Buddhism on traditional Chinese law has a strong characteristic of the times, and some periods are also closely related to the preferences of rulers. At the same time, it is also necessary to make it clear that the influence of Buddhism on traditional Chinese law should not be overestimated, which is not only limited by the times, but also still shrouded in the basic legal values of Confucian law, which is reflected in the attitude of traditional law to both accept and restrict Buddhist ideas. Although the Chinese legal system is secular and ethical, it is still hugely inclusive, allowing it to accept foreign legal civilizations to a considerable extent, although the latter is very different in philosophy from the former. Of course, this acceptance is also limited, based on not fundamentally impacting traditional Chinese ideas.(AI翻译)

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