This dissertation focuses on the construction of the rural grass-roots power under the leadership of the CPC in the early years of New China,examining the issue in a chronological order with the interaction between the nation and the society as an entry point and discussing it through the following aspects: its process,approach,significance and effects. It also analyzes the underlying relationships and the interaction between the construction of rural grass-roots power and the social changes,such as the Land Reform and the Agricultural Cooperation.The first chapter briefly discusses the theoretical exploration and the practices of the construction of the rural grass-roots power before the 1949 China.In the period of Domestic Revolution,the CPC always sought to combine the Theory of Marxism and the objective reality of China,gradually developed a complete intellectual system for the construction of the new democratic transition regime,and successfully led the construction of the rural grass-roots power in the revolutionary base areas,which helped accumulate the following great valuable experiences: first,we must wholeheartedly rely on our people,believe their great power and lay a solid mass base for the construction of the rural grass-roots power; second,we must work in accordance with the actual conditions of China,following the path of socialism with distinctive Chinese features; third,we must hold the livelihood issues as our fundamental focuses,increasing the masses'satisfaction degrees,strengthening the relationship between the Party and the masses. The three pieces of experience above are constructive on the construction of the rural grass-roots power after the founding of PRC. Next,the dissertation spends three chapters to examine the history of the construction of the rural grass-roots power under the leadership of the CPC in the early years of New China.Chapter three focuses on the process during which the Party built the system of the rural grass-roots power through the takeover of the regime and the Land Reform.In the early years of New China,the Party strategically transferred the work focus,posed some primary ideas for the development of the economy and the society and completed the top design of the political system,which together founded the theoretical basis for the construction of the rural grass-roots power. In the practical level,the Party gradually transferred to the new organizing system of the rural grass-roots power through the takeover of the old regime,the abolishment of the Bao-Jia System and the grass-roots democratic development. Meanwhile,the Party launched the Land Reform in the newlyliberated area,which played an active role in the construction of the rural grassroots power. First,the Land Reform laid the economic foundation for the rural grass-roots power; Secondly,it changed the power structure of the rural society; Third,it helped strengthen the group political identification of the farmers; Forth,it reconstructed the organizing system of the rural grass-roots power. Through the Land Reform,the rural grass-roots power of the New China gained the support and the acknowledgment of the farmers and earned its legal foundation. Chapter Four mainly discusses how the Party reset the tasks,and opens a new chapter of the construction of the rural grass-roots power after the Land Reform.After the Land Reform,it appeared something new,for example,the class structure of agriculture,the hierarchy newly differentiated,farmers required to enrich their families. Thus,CPC changed their initial envisage of how to transitive to socialism in stand by the Party's general line of transitional period. Under this circumstance,the basic task of rural grass-roots power also became Socialist Transformation for farmers. So the CPC initiated the rural Agricultural Cooperation.Through the boosting of grass-roots power,the implementation of unified purchase and sale and class path,the construction of rural Party organization,a new progress of construction of regime for farmers' Socialist Transformation was preliminarily opened. By the same time,besides opening a new chapter of China's democracy progress,the first session of National People's Congress also established solid basis of democratic and legal system for the construction of rural grass-roots power; the fifth chapter mainly focuses on how rural grass-roots power accelerated the progress of farmers' Socialist Transformation in the later period of Agricultural Cooperation,and record successful implementation of the basic objectives of the grassroots political power constructioncourse. Since the second half of 1955,CPC changed the guideline of Agricultural Cooperation in order to speed up the socialist transformation of agriculture. Under active advocacy of CPC and grass-roots power,Agricultural Cooperation developed rapidly. Rural China completed the transformation from cooperation group to primary community and then to superior community in a short time,and the rural grass-roots power also achieved the basic goal of farmers' Socialist Transformation.Though the development of Agricultural Cooperation broke farmers' ideology bottom line,because of the trust in CPC and Chinese government,the need of production,the hope of the future,and the group psychology when facing stress,they eventually accepted the transformation of state power intent. Upon completion of the co-operative,in response to the wave of retirement from community in parts of the country,to consolidate the triumph of agricultural co-operation,CPC launched movements of rectify the cooperative and rural socialist education,to some extent,to break through the difficulties faced by the rural grassroots political power. However,the socialist education movement also caused the interruption of grassroots political power of self-adjustment process,caused some negative impact on the long-term development of the rural economy and society. Finally,the dissertation summarizes the three historical significances of construction of rural grass-roots power in the early years of New China and its modern enlightenments. First,the construction of rural grass-roots power in the early years of New China build unified regime organization system and effectively integrated the rural resources,which created favorable conditions for the modern transformation of Chinese society. Secondly,the construction of rural grass-roots power in the early years of New China gained farmers' political recognition and build legal foundation of regime,which basically ensured the regime consolidation of New China.Third,the construction of rural grass-roots power in the early years of New China perfected democracy legal system and build legal foundation of regime,which established system and ideology base for the democracy construction of New China.Fourth,establish a good social atmosphere; make notable progress in improving socialist spiritual civilization. By analyzingthe construction of rural grass-roots power in the early years of New China,three modern enlightenments are summarized. First,we must insist the leadership of CPC and strengthen the construction of ruling party,which basically ensure the construction of rural grass-roots power. And then,we must adhere to the principle of popular sovereignty and developdemocracy at the grass-roots level,which are the core of construction of rural grass-roots power. Last,we must stick to seek the benefit for the masses and improve the independent participation of farmers,which are the successful experiences of construction of rural grass-roots power. Keywords: Construction of The Rural Grass-Roots; Organizing System; Basic Task; Basic Goal（AI翻译）