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要素市场扭曲下的中国内需问题研究

Research on China's Domestic Demand under Factor Market Distortion

李广泳

中国经济 研究

2015-10-01

978-7-5161-7023-6

242

25

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内容简介

中国多年来受内需不足困扰,始终未能摆脱主要 依靠投资和出口拉动的经济增长模式。经济发展到今 天,不仅使我们感受到经济依赖外需的危险,而且使 我们感受到启动不了内需,经济就会面临大幅下滑的 风险,进一步加大了经济转型的难度。  

本书在新古典经济学的理论框架下以国际比较的视 野研究了中国内需不足的问题。在国民收入初次分配 中,通过测算,揭示了中国核心生产要素资本和劳动 价格的扭曲现象,结合对中国居民收入来源和劳动收 入份额的国际比较,并通过理论分析和实证检验研究 了生产要素价格扭曲的原因,最终解释了国民收入初 次分配抑制居民消费的原因。在二次分配中,通过国 际比较实证研究了我国的公共支出对居民消费的影响 ,特别是教育、医疗、社保等具有公共产品属性的公 共支出对居民消费的影响,并从公共支出的规模结构 和效率三个方面分析了公共支出问题存在的原因,最终解释了国民收入二次分配抑制居民消费的原因。最后,根据研究结论,指出了宏观经济管理方式应从过 去的需求管理向供给管理转变,具体地,分别从决定 初次分配的金融方面和决定二次分配的财政方面提出 了相关建议。


For many years, China has been plagued by a lack of domestic demand and has not been able to break away from its economic growth model, which is driven mainly by investment and exports. Today's economic development has not only made us realize the danger of relying on external demand, but also the risk of a sharp economic downturn if we fail to activate domestic demand, which has further increased the difficulty of economic transformation.  

This book examines the problem of China's lack of domestic demand from an international comparative perspective within the theoretical framework of neoclassical economics. In the primary distribution of national income, the book reveals the distortion of the prices of capital and labor, which are the core factors of production in China. Combined with international comparisons of China's residents' sources of income and the share of labor income, the book examines the reasons for the distortion of the prices of the factors of production by means of theoretical analyses and empirical tests, and ultimately explains the reasons why the primary distribution of national income has inhibited the consumption of the residents. In the secondary distribution, the impact of China's public expenditures on residents' consumption is empirically studied through international comparisons, especially the impact of public expenditures with the attributes of public goods, such as education, medical care, and social security, on residents' consumption, and the reasons for the problems of public expenditures are analyzed in terms of the scale, structure, and efficiency of public expenditures, and the causes of the inhibition of residents' consumption in the secondary distribution of national income are finally explained. Lastly, on the basis of the conclusions of the study, it was pointed out that macroeconomic management should be changed from demand management to supply management, and, in particular, relevant recommendations were put forward with regard to the financial aspect of determining primary distribution and the fiscal aspect of determining secondary distribution.


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