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中国北方阿尔泰语言语序类型研究

陈新义[著]

阿尔泰语系 词序 研究 中国 

2015-01-01

978-7-5161-5281-2

254

12

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  • 内容简介
  • 书籍目录
  • 作者简介
  • 参考文献
内容简介

本书运用语言类型学和认知语言学理论,从四个方面分析了中国阿尔泰语系的语序类型特征。首先,形态方面,分析了名词和动词附加成分各自的语序类型特征及名词附加成分、动词附加成分共现时的语序类型特征;其次,词的方面,分析了后置词和疑问代词的语序类型特征;第三,短语方面,分析了名词性短语、动词性短语、形容词性短语的语序类型特征;第四,句子方面,分析了SOV、OSV、OVS句型及其差比句、双及物句式的语序类型特征。

Chen Xinyi graduated from Inner Mongolia University with a master's degree and later worked at Shenyang Normal University. In 2009, he was admitted to the Central University for Nationalities majoring in linguistics and applied linguistics, under the tutelage of Professor Qin Xiaohang, a famous linguist of the Zhuang nationality, to pursue a doctorate degree in descriptive linguistics. Unfortunately, in the spring of 2012, when he was about to defend his graduation, Professor Qin Xiaohang died young, and he was not able to see this doctoral dissertation to which he devoted his heart and soul to supervision. One day in the autumn of last year, Chen Xinyi called to say that his doctoral dissertation was about to be completed, and invited me to write the foreword to his manuscript. I did read and gave some suggestions to my best of my ability, and I felt that it was a very theoretical paper, and it was also a good work that I enjoyed reading and got a lot of inspiration from. More importantly, he is a senior apprentice of my dear friend Xiaohang, and this thesis is the culmination of their master-apprentice research and joint efforts. Therefore, I would like to take this opportunity to express my overall feelings and inspiration for the paper, whether it should be an in-depth exchange, or speak for Brother Xiaohang? Since the establishment of the Altaic hypothesis, the academic community has indeed achieved fruitful results, but in general, it mainly focuses on historical comparative research aimed at constructing the scientific relationship between Altaic languages, focusing on the analysis of the structural description of Altaic language systems, and the relevant research results of special research on typology are also mostly on topics such as word formation and formation. Chen Xinyi's choice of word order types and morphological types of Altaic languages as his research topic is indeed bold and innovative, and it is also very valuable for sustainable research, which can be said to be a solid and crucial step in the writing of his dissertation. Of course, this topic is by no means a fantasy, because Chen Xinyi has also paid attention to and compared the similarities and differences between some languages of the Altaic language family, and only during his doctoral studies, he has published comparative research on Mongolian and Manchu, Mongolian and Chinese, etc., which have laid a certain theoretical and methodological foundation for the determination of this topic. This paper breaks the boundaries between various language families of the previous Altaic language family, takes the morphology, word, phrase and sentence order as the reference, and adopts the method of layer-by-layer classification to comprehensively analyze the word order type characteristics of each language. The author cleverly uses the SOV-type word order type on the morphological characteristics of the Altaic language family, and explains the distribution characteristics of the structure of the structure of "modifier + central + additional component" according to the word order characteristics of the two directions within the word order, that is, modified into a classification preposition, attached to a classification postposition, and the structure of noun components and verb components are all "modifier + central + additional component". With profound linguistic skills and extraordinary persistence and perseverance, Chen Xinyi brilliantly completed this "huge" project with considerable gold content, and also drew a successful end to his doctoral studies. In my opinion, this paper has at least the following characteristics: First, the author's academic attitude is extremely serious. This is reflected in the combing of the relevant research results of the predecessors is very in place, not only a comprehensive and detailed introduction, but also found the existing problems, on the basis of which the weak areas of the current Altaic language family are objectively commented, which lays a solid foundation for determining the topic selection and entry perspective of the paper; Second, the structure of the essay is very reasonable, and the topics from the perspective of language typology are involved, which reflects the author's ability to control the overall paper and super logical thinking ability; Third, the author selected nouns, verbs, adjectives, phrases, sentences and other forms for analysis and research, with prominent focus and clear thinking; Fourth, on the basis of description, strive to organically combine description and interpretation. This paper argues that there are two directions of word order distribution within the SOV-type word order of the Altaic language family: modified into classification preposition, additional into classification postposition, forming the structure of "modifier + central language + additional component", and also explains the semantic and structural mechanisms of different word order types from different angles. Fifth, it distinguishes between basic sentence patterns and sentence variants. It is believed that sentence word order types include two sentence patterns (double and difference sentences) and three sentence patterns (SOV and its variants OSV and OVS). In a sentence, the structure of the predicate verb is "extrinsic semantic component + verb + internal semantic component", the extrinsic semantic component is static, and the internal semantic component is dynamic, so the predicate verb structure is a balanced structure. Sentences are also balanced in structure and semantics. Of course, the inevitable deficiency of the paper is the lack of some relevant Russian and Soviet research literature in the bibliography, which is mostly written in Russian or different modern Turkic languages, and there should be some research literature related to topics related to word order typology. In addition, there is still much room for follow-up research and improvement in the in-depth discussion of verb body and sentence structure types. Chen Xinyi defended his doctoral dissertation, and the defense committee members spoke highly of it. Now, seeing that his revised manuscript after fully incorporating the opinions and suggestions of the judges is about to be published, I am sincerely happy for him and take this opportunity to express my sincere congratulations. Ding Shiqing, January 26, 2014(AI翻译)

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