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当代中国文化冲突视阈中的心灵和谐

曹亚琴[著]

个体 社会心理学

2018-01-01

978-7-5203-0792-5

229

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  • 内容简介
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内容简介

心灵和谐是人内心的深层次渴求和期盼,既是人自由而全面发展的基础和表现,同时也是和谐社会发展的新诉求。在诸多影响心灵和谐的因素中,文化冲突是非常重要的深层原因。由于文化对人具有潜移默化的影响力,文化发生冲突必将折射在人的心灵深处,通过人的心灵和谐状态反映出来。因此,心灵和谐的研究纳入文化冲突的视阈,既有利于拓展心灵和谐问题的研究空间,又有利于在实践中以文化塑造人的力量,实现心灵的安宁与平静。
本书坚持马克思主义理论的基本观点和立场,主要采取理论与实际相结合的方法、矛盾分析法、比较分析方法进行研究。首先从厘清文化冲突和心灵和谐的概念入手,研究文化冲突的类型和特征,以及当代心灵和谐问题。同时,在此基础上深入探究文化冲突对心灵和谐的影响,其中文化认同起着关键作用。因为心灵和谐是人在处理人与自身、人与人、人与社会和人与自然的关系中表现的以自我意识为核心的内在知、情、意等要素的相互协调、运行流畅,是内心动态与静态的统一。由于文化冲突会引起原有文化认同的混乱,削弱自我认同的能力,致使以自我意识为核心的心灵世界混乱,出现心灵不和谐;而当文化冲突出现后,人们又会对文化进行反省和批判,经过文化选择,通过文化融合从而实现新文化认同,进而达到心灵和谐。因此,文化冲突一方面会引起心灵不和谐,另一方面又有可能促使实现心灵和谐。
其次,重点剖析了当代文化冲突中心灵不和谐的现实和成因。心灵不和谐类型的考察主要是从三个维度进行:在人与自身的关系中呈现出精神乌托邦之虚妄型、意义追寻之迷茫型、生活需求之虚假型;在人与人的关系中呈现出情感缺失型、道德迷失型;在人与环境的关系中呈现出失落型、怀乡型和异乡型。同时本书指出,文化冲突中心灵不和谐呈现出非线性、自觉性和自发性交织、异质性的特点。面对文化冲突中心灵和谐的问题,本书着重从三个角度进行成因透视。一是在传统文化与现代文化的博弈中,由于人们原有的文化认同被打破,传统文化曾经赋予人的意义世界坍塌,造成人们精神无所依。同时,在现代文化的冲击中,虽然传统文化作用式微,但它却根深蒂固,陶铸于国人的文化心理中,时时发挥余威牵引和束缚着国人。二是现代文化内部大众文化对主流文化和精英文化的冲击,动摇了人们对主流文化和精英文化的认同。三是人文教育的局限弱化了人们在文化冲突中的认同能力。
最后,本书落脚于实现心灵和谐的措施,主要围绕新文化认同的形成以实现心灵和谐。从外在的文化环境、中介环节和内在因素三个层面进行论述,认为在和谐文化的建设中,正确处理传统文化和现代文化的关系以及现代文化内部的主流文化、精英文化和大众文化的关系,有利于营造文化认同的外在环境;完善人文教育的内在机制,是文化教化的重要介体,有利于加强文化认同;树立“和而不同”的文化意识,是实现文化认同的主体条件,是实现心灵和谐的内在因素。
关键词:心灵和谐 文化冲突 文化认同 人文教育 和而不同

Soul harmony is the deep lever desire and anticipation of people's inner heart,as well as the basis and performance of people's free and all round development; meanwhile,it is the new demanding of the development of harmonious society. The culture conflict is the important deep reason offecting the soul harmony,because the culture has the imperceptible influences to people,the culture conflict must be refracted at the bottom of human's soul and can be reflected through harmonious situation of human's soul. Therefore,putting the studies of soul harmony into the perspective of culture conflict is benefit to extend the study of soul harmony and it is also conductive to culture plastic in the power of people to realize the peace and calm of the soul in practice. The book persists the Marxism theory as the basic concept and the standpoint,mainly adopting the method of combining the theory and practice together,the contradictory analytic method and the comparative analysis method. The book start with understanding the concepts of culture conflict and soul harmony and studying the typologies and features of culture conflict and the contemporary soul harmony. Then it discusses the influences that culture conflict to soul harmony in which the culture approval plays the key role. Because soul harmony is the coordination of intrinsic cognition,feeling and will as well as the unification of dynamic and static state of innermost in which the self-consciousness is the nucleus and performs through processing the relationships between human beings and nature,human and society,human and human,human and his own. Because the culture conflict can cause the confusion of original culture approval and weaken the ability of self-identity,it makes the chaos of soul world and the unharmonious soul; after the appearance of culture conflict,people will rethink and criticize the culture,by the choice of culture to realize the melting of culture and then realize the approval of culture,finally obtain the soul harmony. Therefore,culture conflict can cause the unharmonious soul on one hand,and the realization of soul harmony on the other hand. This book mainly foccus on analyzing the reason and reality of unharmonious soul in contemporary culture conflict. From three dimension to study the typology of unharmonious soul,the delusive type which presented by spirit utopia of relationships between human and his own,the confused type of meaning pursuing,hypocritical type of life demanding. Emotion deletion type and morality losing type,nostalgic type and strange type which represented by relations between human and environment. Meanwhile this book points out that in the cultural conflict the unharmonious soul presents the non-linearity,self-consciousness and the spontaneity interweaves and the difference characteristics. With the problem of soul harmony in culture conflict,this book penetrates the cause mainly from three perspectives. Firstly,in traditional culture and modern culture gambling,because people's original culture approval is broken and people's significance world has collapsed which endowed by the traditional culture,which results in the unsuporting of human's spirit. Meanwhile,in the modern culture conflict,although the traditional culture's effects are minor,it is rooted and engraved in people's culture psychology and displayed the remaining prestige to guide and bind people at times. Secondly,the modern culture interior mass culture has impact on mainstream culture and elite culture,which fluctuates people's approval to mainstream culture and elite culture. Thirdly,the localization of humanities education weaken people's approval ability in culture conflict. In the end,this book introduces the realization of measures of soul harmony from the formation of new culture approval. From the exterior culture environment,intermediate link and interior factor,the book discusses that in the process of building harmonious culture,it is made correctly the relations between traditional culture and modern culture,the mainstream culture,elite culture and mass culture which benefit to create the exterior environment of culture approval. Making the intrinsic mechanism of humanities education better is the important media of culture education which is benefit to strengthen the approval to culture. Erect the culture consciousness of“harmony but different”is the main requirement of realizing the culture approval and the intrinsic reason of realizing the soul harmony. Key Words:soul harmony culture conflict culture approval humanities education harmony but different(AI翻译)

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