中国生态文明建设理论与实践

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中国生态文明建设理论与实践

Theory and Practice of Ecological Civilization Construction in China

作者：

中共北京市委党校马克思主义理论研究中心

分类：

经济学环境经济学生态经济学

关键词：

生态环境建设研究中国

出版日期：2018-07-01

ISBN：978-7-5203-2887-6

页数：196

点击量：50

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内容简介

人类社会发展的历史，在一定意义上说，就是一部人与自然关系的发展史，依次形成从原始社会被动适应生态环境到农业社会顺应生态环境，再到工业社会主动改造生态环境的历史演进。在这一历史演进中，原始社会和农业社会的劳动生产率很低，极少对自然界造成损害，给人类留下了巨大的自然生态空间，使人类得以永续。但是，从1764年瓦特发明蒸汽机开始，工业社会伴随科技革命的不断飞跃，依次经历了蒸汽化、电气化、信息化和智能化四个发展阶段，至今250多年。其间，人类通过加速效率变革，在创造了巨大社会财富和发达的物质文明的同时，人类的生产和生活方式也对生态环境造成了严重的破坏，人与自然的关系被严重扭曲，资源越来越稀缺，环境污染越来越严重，生态系统越来越脆弱，生物多样性越来越难以为继，常常被喻为“工业黑金”之路，威胁当代人的生命，也影响人类的永续。要根本解决问题，改变工业社会发展的“旧颜”，打造生态文明新时代的“新貌”，就必须走绿色、低碳、可持续发展之路，大力推进生态文明建设，这是当今世界的共识，也是人类社会迈向生态文明新时代的理性思考和价值追求。

The history of the development of human society, in a certain sense, is a history of the development of the relationship between man and nature, which in turn forms the historical evolution from primitive society passively adapting to the ecological environment to agricultural society adapting to the ecological environment, and then to industrial society actively transforming the ecological environment. In this historical evolution, the labor productivity of primitive and agricultural societies is very low, and it rarely causes damage to the natural world, leaving a huge natural ecological space for human beings to be sustainable. However, since the invention of the steam engine by Watt in 1764, industrial society has experienced four stages of development of steaming, electrification, informatization and intelligence with the continuous leap of scientific and technological revolution, and has been going through four stages of development for more than 250 years. In the meantime, through accelerating efficiency change, human beings have created huge social wealth and developed material civilization at the same time, human production and lifestyle have also caused serious damage to the ecological environment, the relationship between man and nature has been seriously distorted, resources are becoming more and more scarce, environmental pollution is becoming more and more serious, the ecosystem is becoming more and more fragile, and biodiversity is becoming more and more unsustainable, often referred to as the road of "industrial black gold", threatening the lives of contemporary people and affecting the sustainability of human beings. In order to fundamentally solve the problem, change the "old appearance" of industrial social development, and create a "new look" in the new era of ecological civilization, we must take the road of green, low-carbon and sustainable development, and vigorously promote the construction of ecological civilization, which is the consensus of today's world, and it is also the rational thinking and value pursuit of human society towards a new era of ecological civilization.