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The unswerving discussion and pursuit of the common "poetic heart" and "literary heart" of mankind runs through the theoretical texts of Qian Chongshu, forming a broad and profound ideological system, and its purpose shows the obvious deviation and correction intention of the mainstream utilitarian literary tendency of May Fourth. This achievement takes aesthetics as a clue, focusing on the nature, text, creation, development and interpretation of literature, specifically sorting out and analyzing Qian Chongshu's understanding, attitude, method and intention on these issues, as well as the historical and cultural context and academic genealogy of its formation, paying special attention to its characteristics of communicating China and the West and integrating ancient and modern, so as to detect and grasp the causes, characteristics and significance of Qian Chongshu's unique literary choices and ideological tendencies. Thus fully demonstrating its outstanding contribution and historical status in the history of modern Chinese literary theory. The specific content is as follows: Introduction to the relevant research results, and explain the origin, value, method and innovation of writing. Chapter 1 Qian Chongshu's Academic Survival and Theoretical Form Qian Chongshu's unique academic survival context, such as his family origins, academic experience, academic experience, and social and cultural changes, actively participates in his ideological construction and endows him with a unique "modern" character. It presents such a complex situation, on the one hand, because the "understanding of the world" is only a "poetic understanding", so "shameless fragmentation", attachment to phenomena, and deconstruction of the system become "the attitude contained in the article"; On the other hand, in the depths of the former, there is also an underlying system that takes aesthetics as a foothold and constantly explores literary laws and phenomena. These two aspects are opposite, forming a paradoxical existence, showing the inherent tension of Chin Chongshu's literary thought. Chapter 2 The "Definite Reference" of Literature: The unique ideological method and aesthetic choice of "literacy" determine Qian Chongshu's relativist understanding of literature: "existential judgment and value judgment are one", but "although literature has no definition", it is "inherent in the definite meaning". According to the former, he communicates literature with socio-cultural systems, indicating its psychological characteristics. According to the latter, he connects literature with philosophy, history, emotional experience, etc., highlighting its image, virtuality and emotion; It also compares and distinguishes literature from Zen, music, painting and other art categories, emphasizing its linguistic characteristics. This relativist treatment of literature is consistent with the attitude taken by Western formalism towards literature at the same time: fully considering the complexity of literature, not giving a clear definition, but only exploring its "literary nature", thus avoiding deterministic and absolutist tendencies. At the same time, just as the latter is committed to refuting the "historical or ideological utilitarian view" in the West, Qian Chung-shu bases himself on the local context and violently attacks the Chinese form of the "utilitarian view", trying to establish literature as its own independent status. Chapter 3 Literary Texts: The aesthetic intention of the "literary" cognition of aesthetic value structure is reflected in the textual view of Qian Chongshu, that is, the text is regarded as an aesthetic value structure, rather than a container for "carrying things" or "carrying roads" as the mainstream has always believed. In this regard, he used dialectical thinking as a theoretical lens to expound it. First of all, he opposed the division of "subject matter and genre or form into dualities", pointing out that "words are things, and tables are inside", and the two are opposed and unified, and cannot be separated externally; Drawing on the practice of hierarchical analysis of texts as a different qualitative whole, the text is divided into three levels: phonetics, semantics and verve, the former two and the latter are real and virtual, complementing each other. Then, from different perspectives such as plot, layout, and language, he puts forward propositions with profound dialectical meanings, such as "the beginning and the end are perfect", "one and the different complement each other", and "poetry is the language of abnormality", so as to reveal the tension and enrichment of the internal order and aesthetic space of the text. Contrary to the "May Fourth" Enlightenment mainstream text-instrumentalization epistemological tendency represented by the theory of "things", it really treats texts as aesthetic carriers. Chapter Four: The Subject of Literary Creation: There is an important concept in the text of "Miaowu" and "Mechanics" Qian Chongshu: "Literati are higher than scholars", and the difference between the two is "talent": "poetry has different talents", so that "the success or failure of art depends on talent". The "talent" in the meaning of Qian Chongshu is not ability in the general sense, but the transcendent intelligence of the highest level of man, that is, the "understanding" and "intuition" emphasized by Chinese and Western mystic poetics, which is the key to aesthetic creation. At the same time, he also believes that "enlightenment and 'wonderfulness' may not be achieved overnight", "enlightenment must be followed by the practice of mechanics", and the specific way is to "transform the book into a spiritual spirit", emphasizing the importance of cultural accumulation and acquired learning to the creative subject, thus distinguishing it from mysticism. Chapter Five: Literary Creation: "Handy" Literature is actually a "handy" materialization process. Chin Chung Shu fiercely criticized the sentimental method of "clinging to strong things", but greatly promoted the intuitive concept of "that is, things and feelings", demanding that literature should create a "wonderful realm" of beauty, rather than a simple mechanical "mirror" imitation and reflection. "To gain from the heart" must also be "to be in the hand", and Qian Chongshu believes that it is necessary to "cling to both ends of the object and use it", rather than "clinging to abandoning things" like Croce. In essence, this is a process of artistic formation, and talent requires more skill: "the artistic expression of the singer's emotions is also". His creation truly embodies this intellectual tendency and is a powerful part of modern Chinese rationalist literary thought. Chapter Six: Literature Development in "Dialogue" In Qian Chongshu's view, literature should judge its value according to the intrinsic laws and aesthetic scales of art, and develop itself in the "dialogue" and exchange between ancient and modern, Chinese and Western, and disciplines. Therefore, from the vertical dimension, he defended the "retro" theory, opposed the use of progressive "later" values as the yardstick to judge the superiority and inferiority of literature, and took a critical attitude towards vernacular literature and new literature based on utilitarian views, and deeply abhorred the "antique" custom of not seeking innovation and blindly plagiarizing; From the horizontal dimension, he emphasizes "opening up" and "dialogue", advocates interdisciplinary literature, mutual understanding, complementarity and mutual benefit of national boundaries, and opposes self-isolation and sticking to a corner. This principle of "dialogue", which is both adhered to and open, is the intrinsic motive for the continuous development of literature. Chapter 7 Reception and Interpretation of Literature: "If the author is not necessarily, why should the reader not" and "The author is not necessarily, why should the reader not" contain rich hermeneutic ideas. It embodies the triangular relationship between author-text-reader. The logical starting point is that the author, through the contradiction of speech and irrational forces, is reflected in the text, showing the aesthetic complexity, characterizing the transcendence of the text to the author, and providing necessity and possibility for interpretation. The foothold is the reader, who needs to go through two cycles, one is the cycle of text interpretation, and the other is the cycle of reader's understanding, the former is to seek "correct solution", the latter is to break through the "correct solution" and represent the reader's transcendence of the text. The three are the main subjects of each other, transcending in both directions, forming a cyclical and repeated dialogue relationship. At the center is the text, and everything revolves around the formation, composition and understanding of aesthetic complexity. It contains various interpretive concepts from ancient and modern, Chinese and foreign, which are melted into Qian Chongshu's understanding and interpretation of various cultural and literary phenomena. Chin Chongshu's literary hermeneutics is a comprehensive review and synthesis of the entire "literary" cognition. The concluding part summarizes the spiritual character of Qian Chongshu's literary thought, as well as its significance and value.
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