中国脱贫攻坚调研报告.湘西篇

内容简介

2019年4月，中国社会科学院积极响应国家主席习近平在2018年中非合作论坛北京峰会开幕式主旨讲话精神，成立中国非洲研究院，旨在同非洲各国深化文明互鉴，加强治国理政和发展经验交流，为中非共建“一带一路”，共同建设面向未来的中非全面战略合作伙伴关系，携手构筑更加紧密的中非命运共同体提供智力支持和人才支撑。

习近平主席在致中国非洲研究院成立贺信中指出，希望中国非洲研究院汇聚中非学术智库资源，增进中非人民相互了解和友谊，为中非和中非同其他各方的合作集思广益、建言献策，为促进中非关系发展、构建人类命运共同体贡献力量。

中国非洲研究院成立以来，着力打造中非交流平台，密切中非学术交往，促进人心相通；发挥研究基地作用，开展共同研究，助力中非共建“一带一路”；发挥人才高地作用，培养高端专业人才；发挥传播窗口作用，讲好中国故事、非洲故事和中非友好合作故事。

Abstract: Located in the mountainous area of western Hunan, Xiangxi has painstakingly explored the road of poverty alleviation and poverty alleviation, and has made arduous efforts. When General Secretary Xi Jinping inspected Xiangxi on November 3, 2013, he made an important instruction of "seeking truth from facts, adapting measures to local conditions, providing guidance by category, and targeted poverty alleviation", and put forward the concept of "targeted poverty alleviation" for the first time, which not only brought unprecedented historic opportunities for Xiangxi's poverty alleviation and development, but also injected strong impetus and pointed out the way forward for China's poverty alleviation and alleviation. Under the guidance of the concept of "precise poverty alleviation", Xiangxi Prefecture has comprehensively promoted the "Ten Projects", providing inexhaustible impetus for poverty alleviation in Xiangxi. Including: development production poverty alleviation project, rural tourism poverty alleviation project, employment transfer poverty alleviation project, relocation poverty alleviation project, ecological compensation poverty alleviation project, education development poverty alleviation project, medical aid and assistance project, social security support project, infrastructure supporting project and public service guarantee project. As of March 2020, all eight counties and cities in Xiangxi have achieved poverty alleviation, the overall regional poverty problem has been basically solved, and Xiangxi has made historic achievements in poverty alleviation. Xiangxi's poverty alleviation experience includes: keeping in mind General Secretary Xi's earnest instructions and improving political standing; Strengthen the leadership of the Party committee and consolidate the four-level responsibility; Adhere to classification guidance and implement the "Ten Projects"; Highlight precise efforts, promote the 6751865 of "five combinations", pay attention to the quality of poverty alleviation, and achieve the 6751866 of "four prevention and two strictness". "Getting rid of poverty is not the end, but the beginning of a new life and a new struggle." In the future, Xiangxi will continue to implement the requirements of high-quality development, take the consolidation and improvement of poverty alleviation achievements as the general starting point, take poor villages as the main battlefield, take solving the problem of relative poverty as the main direction of attack, focus on establishing a long-term mechanism to solve relative poverty, comprehensively improve the development capacity of poor rural areas in Xiangxi Prefecture, and start the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in a timely manner. This report mainly uses field visits, interviews, literature reading, and media reports to collect relevant information and materials, and summarize, analyze and judge on this basis as the material and basis for writing this report. This report consists of six chapters, introducing the concept of targeted poverty alleviation, the basic situation and characteristics of Xiangxi, reviewing the poverty alleviation process in Xiangxi, fully displaying the measures, typical cases and achievements of Xiangxi's precision poverty alleviation, and also describing the direction of Xiangxi's future efforts to alleviate poverty. Keywords: targeted poverty alleviation; Eighteen Cave Village; Ten projects; Five combined; Four defenses and two strictness; Abstract: Xiangxi is located in the mountainous area of western Hunan.Throughout recent history, many people have made great efforts to alleviate poverty in the region. During his inspection of Xiangxi on November 3,2013, General Secretary Xi Jinping made an instruction that we should“seek truth from data, adapt to local conditions, and implement Targeted Poverty Alleviation”. This concept of Targeted Poverty Alleviation was proposed for the first time in history, presenting unprecedented historical opportunities for the development of Xiangxi,and it also pointed out the way forward for poverty alleviation throughout China.Under the guidance of the concept of Targeted Poverty Alleviation, Xiangxi Prefecture comprehensively promoted the Ten Projects, which were a highly effective source of poverty alleviation. These projects include the development of production, rural tourism, employment migration, relocation, ecological compensation, the development of education, healthcare assistance, social security, infrastructure facilities construction and public services. By March 2020, all eight counties and cities in Xiangxi have achieved the goal of poverty alleviation,and the overall regional poverty problem has been basically resolved. The poverty alleviation efforts have achieved historic success. Poverty alleviation experiences in Xiangxi Prefecture include: strengthening the party committee's leadership and fulfilling the four-level responsibilities; adhering to guidance and implementing Ten Projects; making precise efforts; promoting the Five Combinations6751867; focusing on the quality of poverty alle viation; and achieving the Four Preventions and Two Requirements6751868.“ Removing poverty is not the end point,but the starting point of a new life and a new struggle.” In the future, Xiangxi will continue to implement the development requirements, with an overall focus on consolidating and improving the positive results of poverty alleviation. Poor villages will be the battlefield on which to solve poverty problems and begin to fix problems related to relative poverty, focusing on establishing a long-term mechanism to solve these problems, comprehensively improving the development capacity of poor rural areas in Xiangxi Prefecture, and launching the implementation of the rural revitalization strategy in due course. The investigators and authors of the Report collected information through trips to the field,interviews,literature review,and an examination of press reports. After analyzing these sources, they selected the materials and references for the final Report.The Report is composed of six chapters,introducing the proposal of the concept of Targeted Poverty Alleviation, providing an overview of the region and reviewing the history and performance of its various poverty alleviation methods. The authors also explain the specific measures enacted, some typical cases, the achievements of the program and the direction of future poverty alleviation work. Key words: Targeted Poverty Alleviation; Shibadong Village; Ten Projects; Five Combinations; Four Preventions and Two Requirements; Future Development.（AI翻译）

作者简介

李新烽:（著）

李新烽，1960年9月生，陕西渭南人。博士，作家，摄影家。中国社会科学院西亚非洲研究所所长，中国非洲研究院常务副院长，中国社会科学院研究生院西亚非洲系主任，二级研究员，博士研究生导师，《西亚非洲》《中国非洲学刊》主编。中国亚非学会副会长，中国非洲史研究会副会长。李新烽曾是人民日报社高级记者、驻南非首席记者和人民网、环球时报社驻南非特派记者，其足迹遍布大半个非洲大陆。2008年作为人才引进调入中国社会科学院专业从事非洲问题研究。出版《非洲踏寻郑和路》（修订本）及其英文版，《非凡洲游》两部专著和智库报告《新时代中非友好合作：新成就、新机遇、新愿景》、《非洲华侨华人报告》（中英文版）等十多部合著，发表中英文学术论文30余篇。温家宝总理为《非洲踏寻郑和路》题词：“山一程，水一程，身向世界行；风一更，雪一更，心怀天下事。”其作品获中宣部第十届精神文明建设“五个一工程奖”、第十六届和第二十七届中国新闻奖、中国社会科学院2012年和2016年优秀对策信息一等奖、中国社会科学院2018年和2019年优秀国家智库报告奖、外交部2013年和2016年中非联合交流计划研究课题优秀奖，以及中国国际新闻奖、冰心散文奖、徐迟报告文学奖、中国改革开放优秀报告文学奖和华侨文学奖等十余种全国性奖项。

刘琪洲:（著）

刘琪洲，1990年11月生，湖南湘西人。法学硕士。2017年至今任湘西州团结报社新闻记者，走遍湘西的山山水水，深入基层采访，熟悉湘西州情，特别是采写了大量湘西扶贫的新闻报道，其中包括《青蒿为媒“共和国勋章”获得者屠呦呦的湘西情缘》《苦心孤诣茶飘香——挂职副市长、茶叶专家王润龙与他的黄金茶梦》《理清思路选好产业发展方向——我州探索走出可复制可推广精准扶贫好路子之六》《“搬”来美好新生活——吉首市易地扶贫搬迁纪实》《安居乐业奔小康》等。2018年，他采写的关于城市惠民工程的新闻报道《七桥飞架惠民生》获首届“湘西新闻奖”。

王南:（著）

王南，男，1959年7月生。1987年7月毕业于复旦大学国际政治专业。1990年7月毕业于北京市委党校研究生（班）科学社会主义专业。担任过《人民日报》国际时政版主编。现已退休。他对非洲问题、中东问题和“一带一路”问题等有一定的了解和研究，曾作为东方卫视、北京电视台、人民网、新浪网、浙江广播电台、北京广播电台等媒体的嘉宾，评论国际问题，还就相关国际问题为有关部门和企业提供咨询。在《人民日报》、《工人日报》、《环球时报》、人民网、《亚非纵横》、《西亚非洲》、《阿拉伯研究》、《非洲研究》、《亚太安全与海洋研究》、《新丝路学刊》等媒体和学术刊物上发表过相关报道和文章。目前兼职上海师范大学非洲研究中心研究员、上海外国语大学丝路战略研究所学术顾问。为中国亚非学会理事、中国亚非发展交流协会理事、中国非洲问题研究会理事、中国非洲史研究会理事。