In the countries of the world's state-owned enterprises generally low efficiency, how China's state-owned enterprises through deepening reform, form a strong endogenous drive, thus showing that the new property rights relationship has strong vitality. This is the subject of unremitting exploration and research by Professor Liang Zuchen, the author of this book, for many years. The author of this book points out that Western state-owned enterprises are subordinate to and serve the private economy, and the property rights of private enterprises that dominate economic development are clearly owned, and compared with China's state-owned enterprises that dominate economic development, due to the lack of personalization of the owners of China's state-owned enterprises, it is necessary to conduct in-depth discussions to reveal the essence of enterprises, and conduct comparative research on the management system of state-owned enterprises based on the unique starting point of building state-owned enterprises as market entities from the foundation. Based on the fact that the property rights of state-owned enterprises in China fundamentally belong to all socialist workers and are prominently reflected in the employees of state-owned enterprises, the author believes that the reform should be irreversibly deepened and efficiently developed through the formation of new interest subjects consistent with the deepening of reform, that is, the market-oriented realization of the rights and interests of all employees of state-owned enterprises, just as the rural reform in the 80s of the 20th century achieved unexpected results. Just as employees of state-owned enterprises need to compete for employment to obtain labor remuneration, through fair and equal competition facing the market, they should jointly assume the power of the owners of state-owned enterprises in an organized manner and share the corresponding share of the surplus of state-owned enterprises. In this way, by realizing the direct integration of socialist workers and the means of production, all employees of state-owned enterprises who are gradually deepening the market-oriented reform are not only driven by the corresponding labor remuneration and the remaining interests of enterprise operation after competing for posts, but also have potential threats of laid-off resignation, such as dynamic evaluation of performance and job substitution, so as to strictly exercise and effectively assume the power and responsibility of the owners of state-owned enterprises to supervise the operation of state-owned enterprises, and wholeheartedly assist and obey the members who are also owners of state-owned enterprises. Work with operators who share the operational risks of state-owned enterprises, and diligently participate in the creative labor of group coordination. This is a family word that can be studied and discussed by those interested in this issue. The author of this book points out that in order to break through the hard shell of modern enterprise system innovation of state-owned enterprises, under the trend of mixed ownership becoming an important form of realization of China's basic economic system, to achieve a smooth flow of state-owned assets, and to promote the free flow of human capital, a living factor of production, between enterprises with different attributes, it is possible to try to implement market-oriented competition for employees of state-owned enterprises, and implement the "final elimination system" in the dynamic evaluation of the performance of the rights and responsibilities of state-owned enterprise owners. Or in the "two-way selection" between enterprises and employees with different attributes, the "best wins" of employees competing for posts. Thus, while the smooth circulation of state-owned assets and the amplification of the functions of state-owned assets, the employees of different enterprises who are socialist workers and creative potential are highlighted, so as to compete for employment on an equal footing and promote the efficient operation and development of state-owned enterprises. The author believes that this can highlight the huge economic and social effects of the organic combination of the basic socialist economic system and the market economy. In order to strengthen the combination of top-level design and "crossing the river by feeling the stones" and provide as appropriate and feasible rational thinking suggestions as possible, the author confirmed through field investigation and interviews on the reform and innovation practices of many state-owned enterprises, which are subject to the constraints of traditional and outdated ideas and concepts. The establishment and dissemination of advanced cultural value orientations that are inseparable from fine traditions should also rely on the first creation and improvement of systems, so as to promote the formation of a completely different personality and spiritual outlook from the past, and form a close relationship and interaction between systems and cultures. The author concludes that the management system of state-owned enterprises and the innovation of modern enterprise system in China have academic research and practical exploration reference significance. First, in order to realize the personification of the owners of state-owned enterprises, so that state-owned assets have a strong "living soul" that maintains and increases value with the survival of the holders. The author does not vaguely default to the fact that the investors of state-owned enterprises are administrative institutions that are difficult to distinguish between their public welfare or profit-making attributes, or that they are relatively generally attributed to "collective economic people" who are difficult to implement to individuals, as in the rebellion against the rural package production in the past, but position them as the smallest decision-making and action unit that constitutes an enterprise or team, and are indivisible individual employees of state-owned enterprises as a whole. At the same time, based on economic research, the author must first determine the rational characteristics of human transactions, and believe that all employees of state-owned enterprises who jointly own property interests are also "economic people" who seek to maximize their personal interests. Of course, what should not be confused with Western private enterprises is that because the employees of China's state-owned enterprises occupy the property rights of state-owned enterprises as a whole, and in the process of synergistic welfare, they deeply understand the close relationship between their own future and the income and overall development of others, so they can rationally grasp the correct path orientation to maximize personal benefits. Unlike the owners of private property rights enterprises in the West, they often seek profit and deceive, and even fall into the "strange circle" of harming others and harming themselves in the process of drilling camps and cleverly exploiting. Therefore, Adam Smith's hypothesis of "economic man" rationality should be re-understood in the practice of social development. Obviously, in the predominance of private property rights, there are insurmountable conflicts of interests and gaps between people, especially under the conditions of political and economic inequality and fierce competition brought about by capital employment driven labor, it is difficult to imagine that people will have selfless and altruistic ideas in the process of deliberately seeking and maintaining their own survival, or blindly pursuing profits, and not caring about others, in order to seek their own prosperity. As a result, human rationality under such historical conditions is inevitably at a narrow-minded, short-sighted low level. Under the condition of separation of rights in modern enterprises, there can be no agency operator without investors. As a result, under the owner's paid transfer of property rights and strict supervision, the entrepreneurial and entrepreneurial spirit that affects and promotes the efficient development of the modern economy and takes on the functions of enterprise operation through professional competition has gradually formed. Therefore, the author regards the democratic participation of employees of China's state-owned enterprises in enterprise operation and management as the profound soil produced by socialist entrepreneurs who emerge among them, or are deeply contaminated by group value orientation and get along with them sincerely, so as to sincerely represent the interests of employees and highly concentrate group wisdom, and have the courage to advance reform and innovation. At the same time, the author believes that if the concept of entrepreneurship is interpreted by entrepreneurship rather than entrepreneurial talent, it not only profoundly reflects the scarcity of entrepreneurial talent for undertaking innovative functions, but also highlights the entrepreneurial spirit that determines entrepreneurial talent, which is the most precious scarce resource. The so-called entrepreneurial spirit, in essence, is embodied in the inspiration of market development and organic integration of technology and management, and has a high degree of professionalism and sense of responsibility consciousness. Second, the personification of the owners of China's state-owned enterprises based on the distinction between traditional private property rights inevitably involves the transformation of people's ideas and the improvement of moral feelings. In the discussion of the relationship between institutions and culture, the author introduces morality and deeply analyzes the organic interaction between the three. It is believed that although the transformation of moral concepts requires the evolution of social systems, the effective operation of the system depends on people's self-discipline behavior driven by certain moral concepts to make up for its limitations and deficiencies. Although the emergence of noble moral sentiments, professionalism and sense of responsibility is based on the intrinsic drive of lofty ideals and value pursuits, the propagation of advanced ideology and culture must be based on the transformation of people's moral concepts and the improvement of moral behavior, that is, the growth of fully rational "economic man" in the creation and improvement of China's new market system. Therefore, in the interrelationship between the three, when implementing the state-owned enterprise management system and modern enterprise system innovation that play a decisive role, we should not forget that under the drive of the change of party style and the party's guidance and demonstration, the current kind of bad tendencies in China's traditional culture is inextricably linked, and the transformation and upgrading of outdated social customs that cannot be tolerated by the changes of the times, so that people's morality can be good, and play an important role in deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises. Third, in order to enable the people who are masters of their own affairs to have the right to democratic elections, they indispensably have the right to democratic participation in decision-making, management and supervision, deeply strengthen the role of the people's congress in the modernization of the country's governance structure, and profoundly embody the most valuable ideological and theoretical crystallization "people's ontology" in the party's theoretical innovation. The author boldly suggests whether we can try to start from the grassroots level, that is, in the transformation of China's system, a three-in-one state-owned enterprise leadership system of "manager administrative command, party committee guarantee and supervision, and democratic management of employees" has been formed, so that the state-owned enterprise employee congress becomes a power body, and on the basis of strictly exercising its due power in the current deepening reform, through the democratic recommendation and evaluation of all state-owned enterprise employees and equal competition for selection, the formation of local and national employee congresses that are also power organs. Finally, the staff congresses at all levels will become subordinate organs recognized by the local and NPC in accordance with the law. Accordingly, the establishment of local and central SASAC and the confirmation of its members, especially the responsible persons, should also refer to the formation of the corporate governance structure of state-owned enterprises, refer to the candidates recommended by governments at all levels, and finally select and appoint them in fair and equal competition through the recommendation, review and nomination of the corresponding level of employee congresses. The income of all its members should be different from that of administrative personnel, and should be linked to the partial and overall operating results of state-owned assets, so that the SASAC at all levels will no longer serve as athletes and referees, but will follow the logic established by market entities and become an economic organization ruled by the fair competition market mechanism. Make the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission at all levels become the management system of China's state-owned enterprises, that is, under the premise that the personalization of the owners of state-owned enterprises still extends to the whole state-owned economy, an organic part of the corporate governance structure of state-owned enterprises, so that China's state-owned economy becomes the leading force of economic development full of market competition vitality. Therefore, the essence of the so-called personalization of the owners of state-owned enterprises is precisely the market-oriented realization of the due rights and interests of all employees of state-owned enterprises, that is, all employees of state-owned enterprises who are one with the members of the State-owned Assets Supervision and Administration Commission strictly perform their ownership rights and selflessly devote themselves to production and marketing work based on their own destiny and the future of state-owned enterprises, and gradually grow into fully rational "economic people" who strongly support and promote the prosperity and strength of China's socialist market economy. I am very happy to write the foreword to this book, although I think some of the author's ideas still need to be more fully argued. Of course, if the author can follow up on similar or similar enterprises closely related to his research, it will make his discussion and ideas more convincing and even have practical value. Therefore, I hope that the authors will be able to produce more profound research results in the future.（AI翻译）